沒有充分考慮施工設(shè)備機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)和工作參數(shù)對再生效果的影響。目前，大多數(shù)就地冷再生設(shè)備的再生鼓為聯(lián)組三角帶定速比皮帶傳動方式，其銑刨刀具的切削線速度為定值。個別小功率再生設(shè)備雖然采用變量液壓系統(tǒng)驅(qū)動，具有再生鼓轉(zhuǎn)速連續(xù)可調(diào)功能，但與大中型就地冷再生設(shè)備一樣，都沒有真正實現(xiàn)再生鼓工作轉(zhuǎn)速(對應(yīng)銑刨刀具線速度)與設(shè)備行走速度、再生深度的自動匹配。這使得在不同再生深度工況下，設(shè)備的行走速度不同，再生鼓對舊瀝青路面的切削量也會隨之發(fā)生變化，從而使再生混合料的粒徑和級配處于一種連續(xù)的波動變化狀態(tài)。如果施工過程中沒有對各相關(guān)參數(shù)及時進(jìn)行控制和調(diào)整，在某一工況的某一時段就可能由于工作參數(shù)的不匹配，使得再生料粒徑規(guī)格超出級配設(shè)計范圍，形成不合格混合料，終影響?zhàn)B護(hù)或維修工程的再生質(zhì)量。

Not fully considering the impact of mechanical structure and working parameters of construction equipment on the regeneration effect. At present, the regeneration drum of most on-site cold regeneration equipment at home and abroad adopts a combined triangular belt fixed speed ratio belt transmission method, and the cutting line speed of its milling and planing tools is a fixed value. Although some low-power regeneration equipment is driven by a variable hydraulic system and has the function of continuously adjustable regeneration drum speed, like large and medium-sized on-site cold regeneration equipment, they have not truly achieved automatic matching between the working speed of the regeneration drum (corresponding to the linear speed of the milling cutter) and the walking speed and regeneration depth of the equipment. This results in different walking speeds of the equipment under different regeneration depth conditions, and the cutting amount of the regeneration drum on the old asphalt pavement will also change accordingly, thereby keeping the particle size and gradation of the recycled mixture in a continuous fluctuation state. If the relevant parameters are not controlled and adjusted in a timely manner during the construction process, at a certain period of time in a certain working condition, due to the mismatch of working parameters, the particle size specifications of recycled materials may exceed the grading design range, forming unqualified mixtures, ultimately affecting the quality of recycling in maintenance or repair work.

沒有充分考慮工作裝置機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)特性對再生料的拌和均勻性和級配影響。作為銑拌類養(yǎng)護(hù)設(shè)備中的兩款核心機(jī)型，瀝青路面就地冷再生機(jī)和冷銑刨機(jī)在技術(shù)發(fā)展和設(shè)備應(yīng)用方面同根同源，有著相同的技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)，但卻有著不同的發(fā)展方向。就地冷再生機(jī)的再生工作裝置是再生鼓，冷銑刨機(jī)的銑刨工作裝置是銑刨鼓，二者都是通過轉(zhuǎn)子轉(zhuǎn)動，帶動其上面分布的切削刀具對路面進(jìn)行銑削。但是，就地冷再生考慮更多的是，再生鼓上刀具排布對再生瀝青混合料粒徑的控制，并保證再生料的充分拌和，還要考慮二次破碎時滾筒外緣與刀具之間所形成空間的合理性，以保證再生料的均勻性和級配。

Insufficient consideration was given to the influence of the mechanical structure characteristics of the working device on the mixing uniformity and gradation of recycled materials. As the two core models of milling and mixing maintenance equipment, the asphalt pavement on-site cold regeneration machine and the cold milling and planing machine share the same technical foundation and equipment application, but have different development directions. The regeneration working device of the on-site cold regeneration machine is the regeneration drum, and the milling working device of the cold milling machine is the milling drum. Both are driven by the rotation of the rotor to drive the cutting tools distributed on it to mill the road surface. However, on-site cold regeneration focuses more on controlling the particle size of the recycled asphalt mixture through the arrangement of cutting tools on the regeneration drum, ensuring sufficient mixing of the recycled material, and also considering the rationality of the space formed between the outer edge of the drum and the cutting tools during secondary crushing to ensure the uniformity and grading of the recycled material.

沒有充分考慮銑刨切削作業(yè)及公路自身特性對再生料的拌和均勻性與級配的影響。就地冷再生機(jī)在進(jìn)行瀝青層就地再生或穩(wěn)定層就地再生的施工過程中，由于刀具對原有舊混合料的銑刨破碎作業(yè)，部分混合料的骨料粒徑破碎變小，同時又有部分再生混合料(包括瀝青混凝土混合料)經(jīng)破碎后粒徑滿足要求，充當(dāng)了再生料骨料的角色，再生銑刨物料的級配發(fā)生了較大變化；另外，路面前期維修養(yǎng)護(hù)時，不同施工期、不同工藝要求修筑的路基或路面(包括瀝青路面)性能存在較大的差異，尤其是使用時間較長、病害類型較多或發(fā)生多次損壞的公路，在再生過程中，不同的養(yǎng)護(hù)作業(yè)和施工工藝使得后期路面的各種參數(shù)相比原設(shè)計參數(shù)生產(chǎn)了不同程度的偏離。這些影響再生效果的因素都不可能在就地冷再生施工方案設(shè)計中予以充分考慮，并且不會在后期施工過程中全部排除，因而會使再生料的均勻性和級配的性能恢復(fù)效果大打折扣。

Insufficient consideration was given to the impact of milling and cutting operations, as well as the characteristics of the road itself, on the mixing uniformity and gradation of recycled materials. During the construction process of on-site asphalt layer regeneration or stable layer on-site regeneration, the on-site cold regeneration machine, due to the milling and crushing operation of the cutting tool on the original old mixture, reduces the particle size of some mixtures, and at the same time, some recycled mixtures (including asphalt concrete mixtures) meet the requirements after crushing, playing the role of recycled aggregates. The grading of the recycled milling materials has undergone significant changes; In addition, during the early maintenance and upkeep of the pavement, there are significant differences in the performance of the roadbed or pavement (including asphalt pavement) constructed during different construction periods and process requirements, especially for highways with long service life, multiple types of diseases, or multiple damages. During the regeneration process, different maintenance operations and construction techniques result in varying degrees of deviation of various parameters of the later pavement compared to the original design parameters. These factors that affect the regeneration effect cannot be fully considered in the design of the on-site cold regeneration construction plan, and will not be completely eliminated in the later construction process, which will greatly reduce the uniformity of the recycled material and the performance recovery effect of the gradation.

現(xiàn)有就地冷再生技術(shù)沒有充分考慮恢復(fù)和利用舊瀝青材料中瀝青的性能，影響就地冷再生技術(shù)在高速公路及高等級瀝青公路養(yǎng)護(hù)領(lǐng)域的推廣應(yīng)用。目前的就地冷再生通過將瀝青層(全部或部分)材料、基層材料再生料混合作為滿足所需承載力的基層材料使用，降低了再生料的使用等級。這些材料雖然具有一定的強(qiáng)度、剛度和水穩(wěn)性，但由于是將再生料中的舊瀝青與舊混合料一起作為骨料使用，沒有充分考慮再生混合料中舊瀝青的性能恢復(fù)，只能在縣、鄉(xiāng)村道路翻修或國、省道的基層修筑中使用，不能在高等級公路的瀝青面層全面推廣應(yīng)用。

The existing on-site cold recycling technology has not fully considered the recovery and utilization of the performance of asphalt in old asphalt materials, which affects the promotion and application of on-site cold recycling technology in the maintenance field of highways and high-grade asphalt highways. At present, on-site cold recycling reduces the grade of recycled materials by mixing asphalt layer (all or part) materials and recycled base materials as base materials to meet the required bearing capacity. Although these materials have certain strength, stiffness, and water stability, due to the use of old asphalt in recycled materials together with old mixtures as aggregates, the performance recovery of old asphalt in recycled mixtures has not been fully considered. They can only be used in the renovation of county and rural roads or the construction of national and provincial road bases, and cannot be fully promoted and applied in the asphalt surface layer of high-grade highways.