What are the applications of cold regeneration technology in highway overhaul and maintenance?

一、水穩(wěn)冷再生技術(shù)的概念

1、 Concept of water stable cooling regeneration technology

水穩(wěn)冷再生技術(shù)全稱為水泥穩(wěn)定就地冷再生技術(shù)，顧名思義就是在冷環(huán)境下對破損的水泥穩(wěn)定碎石基層進(jìn)行再生。再生的方法是將原來破損的水泥穩(wěn)定碎石基層進(jìn)行清洗破碎，按照不同的碎石規(guī)格進(jìn)行分類，根據(jù)大小不同的比例要求混入新的水泥和骨料，進(jìn)行拌和后就成為了混合再生材料，用這種混合再生材料進(jìn)行路面的修補(bǔ)就可以稱之為水泥穩(wěn)定就地冷再生技術(shù)。

The full name of water stabilized cold regeneration technology is cement stabilized in situ cold regeneration technology. As the name suggests, it is to regenerate the damaged cement stabilized macadam base in a cold environment. The recycling method is to clean and crush the original damaged cement stabilized macadam base, classify it according to different specifications of macadam, mix new cement and aggregate according to the requirements of different proportions of size, and then mix it to become a mixed recycled material. Repairing the pavement with this mixed recycled material can be called cement stabilized in situ cold recycling technology.

二、水穩(wěn)冷再生的施工技術(shù)要點(diǎn)

2、 Key points of construction technology of water stable cooling regeneration

使用水泥穩(wěn)定就地冷再生技術(shù)進(jìn)行道路維修的施工工藝流程首先是進(jìn)行進(jìn)行維修路段交通道路的封閉，然后進(jìn)行施工放樣確保施工按照圖紙進(jìn)行，將原道路進(jìn)行清洗并準(zhǔn)備好需要添加的原材料，準(zhǔn)備好冷再生機(jī)組進(jìn)行破碎和拌和，將混合料進(jìn)行攤鋪碾壓，接縫和掉頭處進(jìn)行專業(yè)處理，在接受檢查監(jiān)督確認(rèn)質(zhì)量合格之后注意養(yǎng)生期間的保養(yǎng)，就可以投入使用了。

The construction process of road maintenance using cement stabilized on-site cold recycling technology is to first close the traffic roads of the maintenance sections, then set out the construction to ensure that the construction is carried out in accordance with the drawings, clean the original roads and prepare the raw materials to be added, prepare the cold recycling unit for crushing and mixing, pave and roll the mixture, and professionally treat the joints and U-turns, After receiving inspection and supervision and confirming that the quality is qualified, pay attention to the maintenance during the curing period, and then it can be put into use.

（一）施工前的準(zhǔn)備工作

（1） Preparation before construction

水泥穩(wěn)定就地冷再生技術(shù)進(jìn)行施工前，需要許多的準(zhǔn)備工作才能進(jìn)行正式施工。準(zhǔn)備工作完成的好壞，決定了之后施工結(jié)果的質(zhì)量好壞，在這些準(zhǔn)備工作中，我們主要分為五個(gè)方面：首先，我們要對需要進(jìn)行維修的破損路面進(jìn)行取樣分析，取樣時(shí)要注意均勻取樣，盡量保證取樣點(diǎn)所分析出的數(shù)據(jù)符合道路的整體情況。在進(jìn)行破舊路面的分析中應(yīng)當(dāng)測量出破損路面的水泥碎石各自含量，以及道路建設(shè)成功時(shí)所需要的抗壓強(qiáng)度和含水量。其次，根據(jù)已經(jīng)得出的破損路面的原材料比例選擇添加到再生材料中的新材料比例。新材料使用的水泥種類和碎石大小以及改變其性能的添加劑，都要按照前一部的準(zhǔn)備工作進(jìn)行配置，拌和時(shí)使用的水可以采取飲用水。然后，我們準(zhǔn)備水泥穩(wěn)定就地冷再生技術(shù)施工所使用的機(jī)械，包括加工原材料的冷再生機(jī)、進(jìn)行碾壓的膠輪壓路機(jī)、輔助養(yǎng)生的灑水車和其他推土機(jī)平地機(jī)，等等機(jī)械設(shè)備。要對這些機(jī)械設(shè)備進(jìn)行檢查運(yùn)行狀況，對有問題的設(shè)備要進(jìn)行修理，避免出現(xiàn)已經(jīng)開始施工，由于機(jī)械故障所導(dǎo)致的拖延施工時(shí)間的事件發(fā)生。

Before the construction of cement stabilized on-site cold recycling technology, it needs a lot of preparation work to carry out the formal construction. The quality of the subsequent construction results depends on the completion of the preparatory work. In these preparatory work, we are mainly divided into five aspects: first, we need to sample and analyze the damaged pavement that needs to be repaired. When sampling, we should pay attention to uniform sampling, and try to ensure that the data analyzed at the sampling point conforms to the overall situation of the road. In the analysis of the worn pavement, the respective contents of cement and crushed stone of the damaged pavement, as well as the compressive strength and water content required for the successful construction of the road should be measured. Secondly, the proportion of new materials added to recycled materials is selected according to the proportion of raw materials of the damaged pavement. The type of cement used in new materials, the size of crushed stones and the additives that change their performance should be configured according to the preparation work in the previous part. The water used in mixing can be drinking water. Then, we will prepare the machinery used in the construction of cement stabilized on-site cold recycling technology, including the cold recycling machine for processing raw materials, the rubber tyred roller for rolling, the watering cart for auxiliary curing and other bulldozers, graders, and other mechanical equipment. Check the operation condition of these mechanical equipment and repair the faulty equipment to avoid the occurrence of the event of delaying the construction time caused by mechanical failure after the construction has begun.

（二）再生材料配置過程

（2） Configuration process of recycled materials

在實(shí)際現(xiàn)場施工時(shí)，我們會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)破舊路面的水泥穩(wěn)定碎石基層強(qiáng)度仍然很高，對于冷拌再生機(jī)來說進(jìn)行一遍的破碎工作所得到的顆粒是不達(dá)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的，因此我們按照兩次進(jìn)行施工。兩次拌和過程中都要不斷的檢查再生材料的含水量以及原廢料的破碎程度，一定要保證做出的再生材料符合公路路面鋪設(shè)的數(shù)據(jù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。制作完成再生材料之后要進(jìn)行其性能的測試，保證測試結(jié)果符合要求之后再進(jìn)行下一步施工。

During the actual site construction, we will find that the strength of the cement stabilized crushed stone base of the worn road surface is still very high, and the particles obtained from the crushing work of the cold mix regenerator are not up to the standard, so we carry out the construction twice. During the two mixing processes, the water content of recycled materials and the crushing degree of raw waste materials should be continuously checked to ensure that the recycled materials meet the data standards of highway pavement laying. After the production of recycled materials, its performance should be tested to ensure that the test results meet the requirements before the next step of construction.

（三）混合料的攤鋪和碾壓

（3） Paving and rolling of mixture

進(jìn)行水泥穩(wěn)定就地冷再生技術(shù)公路維修施工過程中，我們不需要租賃使用材料搬運(yùn)運(yùn)輸車。因?yàn)樵谏牧鲜蔷偷厝〉玫?，可以直接用來攤鋪，不需要走運(yùn)輸這一過程，也避免了運(yùn)輸過程中可能出現(xiàn)的離析現(xiàn)象，同時(shí)節(jié)省了大量資金和人力。在攤鋪時(shí)要注意緩慢進(jìn)行，保持在每分鐘兩到三米的速度，不能急功近利。進(jìn)行碾壓是我們習(xí)慣使用振動(dòng)壓路機(jī)，碾壓時(shí)要注意如果時(shí)間過長就會(huì)產(chǎn)生分層現(xiàn)象，所以要控制碾壓時(shí)間，過短達(dá)不到碾壓效果，過長會(huì)產(chǎn)生分層影響再生材料修補(bǔ)路面基層的施工質(zhì)量。

In the process of road maintenance and construction of cement stabilized in situ cold recycling technology, we do not need to rent and use material handling trucks. Because the raw materials are obtained locally, they can be directly used for paving without the need for transportation, which also avoids the segregation phenomenon that may occur in the transportation process, and saves a lot of money and manpower. When paving, pay attention to slow down and maintain the speed of two to three meters per minute. Don't be eager for quick success and instant benefit. For rolling, we are used to using vibratory roller. When rolling, we should pay attention to the layering phenomenon if the time is too long. Therefore, we should control the rolling time. If it is too short, the rolling effect will not be achieved, and if it is too long, layering will occur, which will affect the construction quality of repairing the pavement base with recycled materials.

（四）路面養(yǎng)生和監(jiān)督檢查

（4） Pavement maintenance, supervision and inspection

路面養(yǎng)生就是指水泥凝結(jié)期間不能有重物壓過，在養(yǎng)生期間（一般為一周以上時(shí)間）保持路面一定濕度，可以是用塑料薄膜也可以使用淋濕的桔桿麻布等等工具保持路面潮濕。同時(shí)要注意嚴(yán)禁車輛在養(yǎng)生期間破壞路面，只允許灑水車定期噴灑水分保持路面潮濕。

Pavement curing refers to that no heavy objects can be pressed during the cement setting period. During the curing period (usually more than a week), the pavement can be kept wet by using plastic film or wet hessian and other tools. At the same time, it should be noted that vehicles are strictly prohibited from damaging the road surface during the curing period, and only sprinklers are allowed to spray water regularly to keep the road wet.

對水泥穩(wěn)定碎石基層冷再生底基層監(jiān)督檢查不僅僅要符合普通公路建設(shè)質(zhì)量評(píng)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來進(jìn)行評(píng)定，還需要對路面的冷再生材料進(jìn)行符合公路再生技術(shù)規(guī)范的質(zhì)量檢查，確定其施工路段的壓實(shí)度、平整度、抗壓強(qiáng)度都符合相關(guān)要求才能正式投入使用。

The supervision and inspection of the cold recycled subbase of the cement stabilized macadam base should not only be evaluated according to the quality evaluation standard of ordinary highway construction, but also the quality inspection of the cold recycled materials of the pavement in line with the technical specifications of highway recycling, so as to ensure that the compactness, flatness and compressive strength of the construction section meet the relevant requirements before they can be officially put into use.

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